تصفیه پساب حاوی امولسیون‌ روغن برش در آب به روش انعقاد الکتریکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مربی، گروه آب، پژوهشکده علوم و فناوری‌های انرژی، آب و محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه صنعتی شریف، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه محیط‌زیست، پژوهشکده علوم و فناوری‌های انرژی، آب و محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه صنعتی شریف، تهران، ایران

چکیده

روغن‌های برش در عملیات ماشین‌کاری برای کاهش اصطکاک، ایجاد خواص روان‌کاری و خنک‌کنندگی و جلوگیری از خوردگی استفاده می‌شوند. روش‌های بیولوژیکی برای تصفیه پساب حاصل از این روغن‌ها کارایی پایینی دارند، بنابراین برای تصفیه این نوع پساب‌ها باید روش‌های دیگری در نظر گرفته شود. در این پژوهش، استفاده از روش انعقاد الکتریکی برای تصفیه پساب حاوی روغن‌ برش شد. به‌این منظور از یک راکتور منقطع الکتروشیمیایی مجهز به دو الکترود آلومینیم و منبع برق مستقیم استفاده شد. بازده فرایند با اندازه‌گیری درصد حذف اکسیژن‌خواهی شیمیایی و یا زمان لازم برای حذف بررسی شد. تأثیر پارامترهای عملیاتی مختلف مانند غلظت روغن، ولتاژ اعمالی، سرعت هم‌زدن، pH اولیه، فاصله و سطح الکترودها در بازده فرایند انعقاد الکتریکی بررسی شد. نتایج آزمایش‌های انجام شده نشان داد که کاهش غلظت امولسیون از 3 به 5/0 درصد حجمی منجر به افزایش کارایی فرایند تصفیه تا 3/97 درصد شد. افزایش ولتاژ از 40 به 60 ولت زمان لازم برای تصفیه پساب با همین کارایی را از 50 به 20 دقیقه کاهش داد. کاهش فاصله بین الکترودها از 6 به 2 سانتی‌متر و افزایش سطح مؤثر الکترودها از 60 به 180 سانتی‌متر مربع زمان لازم برای تصفیه را به 20 دقیقه کاهش داد. همچنین نتایج آزمایش‌ها نشان داد که زمان لازم برای تصفیه فرایند در سرعت‌های متوسط هم‌زدن (150 دور در دقیقه) کمتر است. نتایج به‌دست آمده بیانگر بالا بودن درصد حذف اکسیژن‌خواهی شیمیایی فرایند تصفیه در محیط خنثی (9/95 درصد) بود. بنابراین با توجه به سادگی روش، هزینه عملیاتی پایین و قابلیت طراحی در مقیاس صنعتی، روش انعقاد الکتریکی برای تصفیه پساب‌های حاوی روغن برش استفاده شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Treatment of Cutting Oil-in-Water Emulsion Using Electrocoagulation

نویسندگان [English]

  • Alireza Nazari Alavi 1
  • Shahnaz Ghasemi 2
1 Instructor Water Group, Energy, Water and Environment Institute, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
2 Assist. Prof., Environment Group, Energy, Water and Environment Institute, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Cutting oils are used in machining operations to reduce friction, provide lubrication and cooling properties, and prevent corrosion. Biological methods for treating wastewater from these oils have low efficiency. Therefore, other methods should be considered to treat this type of wastewater. The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of electrocoagulation for treatment of wastewater containing cutting oil. In this regard, an electrochemical reactor equipped with two aluminum electrodes and a direct power source was used. The efficiency of the electrocoagulation process was evaluated by measuring the removal percentage of chemical oxygen demand in a certain time range. The effect of various operating parameters such as oil concentration, applied voltage, stirring speed, initial pH, distance, and surface of electrodes on the efficiency of the electrocoagulation process was investigated. The results of the experiments showed that reducing the oil concentration from 3% by volume to 0.5% by volume led to an increase in the efficiency of the purification process up to 97.3%. Increasing the voltage from 40V to 60V reduced the time required for wastewater treatment with the same efficiency from 50 min to 20 min. Decreasing the distance between the electrodes from 6 cm to 2 cm and increasing the effective area of the electrodes from 60 cm2 to 180 cm2 reduced the time required for purification to 20 min. Also, the results of the tests showed that the time required for the purification process at medium stirring speeds (150 rpm) is low. The obtained results showed that the removal percentage of chemical oxygen demand in the neutral environment was high (95.9%). Therefore, due to the simplicity of the method, low operating cost, and the ability to design on an industrial scale, the electrocoagulation method can be used for the treatment of wastewater containing cutting oil.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cutting Oil
  • Oil-Water Emulsion
  • Electrocoagulation
  • Chemical Oxygen Demand

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مجله آب و فاضلاب
دوره 34، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 146
مرداد و شهریور 1402
صفحه 44-56

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