تخصیص بهینه بار آلودگی یکی از مهمترین مسائل در حوزه مدیریت کیفی منابع آب است. در این مسئله ذینفعان متعددی با اهداف ارتقای شرایط کیفیت آب و پرداخت هزینههای کمتر بابت تصفیه واحدهای آلاینده حضور دارند. با توجه به ماهیت چندگانه و متضاد اهداف در این‌گونه مسائل، مجموعهای از جبهه پرتوی بهینه به‌عنوان پاسخ ارائه می‌شود که انتخاب یکی از این پاسخ‌ها، میتواند سبب ایجاد تعارضاتی شود. به‌منظور مواجهه با تعارضات میان ذینفعان، استفاده از مدل‌ها و مفاهیم تئوری بازی‌ها توصیه می‌شود. در این پژوهش از رویکرد شبیهسازی- بهینهسازی با استفاده از مدل شبیهسازی QUAL2Kw و الگوریتم بهینهسازی هوش جمعی ذرات به‌منظور تخصیص بهینه بار آلودگیهای CBOD امتداد رودخانه قشلاق استفاده شد. به‌منظور مواجهه با تعارضات اهداف ذینفعان حاضر در بهرهبرداری از منابع آب این رودخانه از رویکرد تئوری بازی‌ها و تکنیکهای رهبر-پیرو و تئوری چانهزنی نش استفاده می‌شود. بر اساس نتایج حاصل در مسئله این پژوهش، هزینههای احداث، نگهداری و بهرهبرداری تصفیهخانهها در بازی استاکلبرگ و تئوری چانهزنی نش به‌ترتیب 57/191 و 39/293 میلیارد ریال و جریمههای تخطی از استانداردهای سازمان حفاظت محیط زیست در این دو بازی به‌ترتیب 86/31 و 89/3 میلیارد ریال برآورد شد. همچنین تعرفه جریمه در بازی استاکلبرگ و تئوری چانهزنی نش به‌ترتیب 75/10 و 3 ریال به ازای هر واحد تخطی از استاندارد مجاز تخلیه CBOD برآورد شد. مقدار تعرفه جریمه برآورد شده در بازی استاکلبرگ به‌مقدار تعرفه کنونی سازمان حفاظت محیط زیست بسیار نزدیک است.
Leader-Follower and Nash Bargaining Game Theory Models for Optimum Waste Load Allocation, Gheshlagh River as Case Study
نویسندگان [English]
Motahareh Saadatpour1؛ Helaleh Khoshkam2
1Assist. Prof., School of Civil Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
2MSc Graduated Student of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Environment, Karaj, Alborz, Iran
چکیده [English]
Optimum waste load allocation (WLA) is one of the most important problems in water quality management. Multiple beneficiaries participate in water resources operations with the aim to improve water quality and reduce costs of wastewater treatment plants. Due to multiple and sometimes conflict objectives in WLA problems, a set of Pareto optimal solutions is derived with evolutionary algorithms which selecting one of these Pareto fronts could cause some conflicts. To deal with conflicts between current beneficiaries, use of game theory concepts and models is recommended. In this research, simulation-optimization approach was applied by QUAL2Kw simulation model and particle swarm optimization (PSO) as optimization algorithm to assign CBOD point source pollutions along Gheshlagh River. To deal with conflicts of goals between present beneficiaries for operating from water resources of the river, the level leader-follower and the Nash bargaining game theory models were applied. The results showed that the construction, maintenance and operation costs of the treatment plants for leader-follower and Nash bargaining game theories are 191.57 and 293.39 billion Rial and the penalties for violating Iran environmental protection agency (EPA) standard is 31.86 and 3.89 billion Rial respectively. Furthermore, the penalty tariff for Stackelberg and Nash bargaining game theories estimated 10.75 and 3 Rial per each violation unit of allowed CBOD discharge standard respectively. The estimated penalty tariff in Stackelberg game is so close to current Iran EPA penalty tariff.
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