بهینه‌سازی تحرک و پراکندگی نانو ذرات آهن صفر ظرفیتی در گندزدایی پساب شهری توسط تزریق پنوماتیک گاز نیتروژن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد گروه مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشکده محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار گروه مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشکده محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

4 دانشجوی دکترای تخصصی مهندسی محیط‌ زیست- آب و فاضلاب، پردیس بین‌الملل ارس دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

پایدارسازی نانوذره آهن صفر ظرفیتی در محیط‌های آبی با پوشش‌های مختلف، کارایی آن را تا حدود زیادی کاهش می‌دهد. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بهینه‌سازی تحرک و پراکندگی نانوذره برای افزایش راندمان غیر فعال‌سازی باکتری‌های هتروتروف پساب فاضلاب‌های شهری، انجام شد. طراحی آزمایش، به‌روش سطح پاسخ و متد مکعب مرکزی با استفاده از نرم‌افزار دیزاین اکسپرت انجام شد. نانوذره آهن در دو نوع پوشش‌دار با کربوکسی متیل سلولز و نوع ساده سنتز شد. nZVIB-با تزریق پنوماتیک توسط گاز نیتروژن وارد پساب شد و CMC-nZVI نیز توسط میکسر در پساب مخلوط شد. مقایسه نتایج با دو روش HPC و سلولی، مولکولی (ردیابی ژنتیکی توالی 16s rRNA باکتری‌ها) صورت گرفت. بیشترین راندمان غیر فعال‌سازی در تزریق پنوماتیک B-nZVI، توسط گاز نیتروژن در فلوی جریان 10 لیتر در دقیقه مشاهده شد که به میزان 90 درصد در 23 دقیقه  بود و نهایتاً با بهبود فشار و سرعت جریان گاز، راندمان غیرفعال سازی 6/95 درصد در 32 دقیقه ثبت شد. مدل نهایی به‌دست آمده از این فرایند از معادله درجه دوم تبعیت می‌کند. پیش‌بینی کلی مدل با ضریب تعیین (R2=0.9447) برازش بسیار خوبی با داده‌های پاسخ نشان داد و اهمیت آماری آن به‌وسیله آزمون آماری فیشر (F-value=13.29) مشخص شد. برای به‌کارگیری بهینه nZVI در فرایند غیر فعال‌سازی باکتری‌های هتروتروف پساب شهری می‌توان nZVI را در دو مرحله از طریق تزریق پنوماتیک مخلوط nZVI با یک گاز بی اثر مانند نیتروژن به پساب وارد نمود. راندمان غیرفعال‌سازی باکتری‌های تصفیه‌خانه‌های پساب شهری در تزریق پنوماتیک nZVI نسبت به‌ استفاده  nZVI پوشش‌دار مانندCMC ، 17 تا 39 درصد بهبود یافت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Mobility and Dispersion Optimization of Nano Zerovalent Iron (nZVI) in Disinfection of Urban Wastewater with Pneumatic Nitrogen Gas Injection

نویسندگان [English]

  • Naser Mehrdadi 1
  • Gholam Reza Nabi Bidhendi 1
  • Majid Baghdadi 2
  • Rahim Aali 3
  • Jaber Yeganeh 4
1 Prof. of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 Assist. Prof. of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3 Assist. Prof. of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
4 PhD Student of Water and Environmental Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Zero iron nanoparticle is considered as a universal enhancement agent. Its stabilization in aqueous environments with different coatings, reduces the efficiency of nanoparticles to a great extent. This study aimed to optimize the mobility and dispersion of nanoparticles to increase the inactivation efficiency of heterotrophic bacteria in urban sewage effluents. The experiment was carried out on Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Central Composite Design (CCD) using Design Expert 10 software. Iron nanoparticles were synthesized in two types of carboxymethyl cellulose-coated and simple type. B-nZVI  was introduced into the effluent with by pneumatic injection of nitrogen gas. CMC-nZVI was also mixed with a mixer in the effluent. Comparison of the results was done with two HPC and cellular molecular techniques (Genetic sequencing of 16s rRNA bacteria). The highest inactivation efficiency (90%) was observed in minute 23 for pneumonic injection of B-nZVI at a flow rate of 10 L / min.  Finally, with the improvement of gas pressure and flow rate, the inactivation efficiency was recorded at 95.6% at 32 minutes. Final model obtained from this process agreed with the quadratic equation. General forecasting of the model was expressed by the correlation coefficient (R2=0.9447) that made good fitness for the response data. The statistical significance was determined using Fisher's statistics (F-value=13.29). For optimal use of nZVI in the inactivation of urban wastewater heterotrophic bacteria, nZVI can be injected into the wastewater by pneumatic injection in two steps with an inert gas such as nitrogen. In the nZVI pneumatic injection, the efficiency of deactivating bacteria in urban wastewater treatment plants was about 17% to 39% better than that of the coated-nZVI such as CMCs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Nanoparticles of Zero-Valent Iron
  • Disinfection
  • Pneumatic injection
  • Gas N2
  • PCR

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